Structure of nails

Nail is a solid plate, consisting of multiple layers orogovevshih. The lower layer - the epidermis cells are orogovevshie nail plate. Keratin topsoil through structural specificity is particularly resistant and durable.

There are body and nail root. Root of nail to be known as the rear of the nail plate by nail rear roller. Only a small fraction of nail root of whitish area polulunnoy form (lunochka nail) is out of the nail shaft.

Nail root is located at the rear of the nail bed and called the matrix. The matrix formation of nail plate, it is composed of epithelial cells. In shipovidnom layer of these cells are onihoblasty - cells that form the nail and turn into horny nail plate.

The foundation is the nail plate keratin - a protein that also exists in the skin. It also formed hair. The density of keratin in hair and nails due to the fact that this protein has a large number of sulfur atoms. The links between the molecules, enhance the protein, making it hard. In many ways, the amount of sulfur, and more particularly cysteine, amino acids, which includes sulfur, were not only the contents of her body, but also the hereditary characteristics. Therefore, for some people a higher concentration of cysteine, which makes the nails hard.

Thin layer of fat and water are placed between layers of keratin. They are attached to the elasticity and shine nail plate. Fingernail can absorb water, while increasing its thickness. Therefore, people who have to deal with water frequently, nails are thick and soft.

In addition to sulfur in the presence nails and other trace elements - calcium, chromium, phosphorous, selenium and zinc. Their content makes nails strong and healthy.